Patient Information: Methotrexate

 

What is Methotrexate?

Methotrexate is a medicine that reduces inflammation and helps control the immune system. It is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and other autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.

 

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How Methotrexate Works

 

Methotrexate slows down the overactive immune response that causes inflammation and joint damage. It is not a painkiller but helps to prevent long-term damage and control the disease.

 

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How to Take Methotrexate

•Usually taken once a week, on the same day each week.

•It may be given by mouth (tablets) or by injection.

•Never take it daily unless your doctor specifically tells you to — this can be dangerous.

•Your doctor may also prescribe folic acid to reduce side effects.

 

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Possible Side Effects

 

Common mild effects:

•Nausea, tiredness, mild stomach upset

•Mouth sores

•Slight hair thinning

 

More serious (contact your doctor immediately if these occur):

•Shortness of breath, persistent cough

•Unusual bruising or bleeding

•Yellowing of skin or eyes (signs of liver problems)

•Fever, sore throat (possible infection)

 

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Monitoring

 

You will need regular blood tests to check your liver, kidneys, and blood cells — usually every 4–8 weeks, depending on your doctor’s advice.

 

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Important Safety Tips

•Do not drink alcohol while taking methotrexate.

•Do not take if pregnant or planning pregnancy.

•Women and men should use effective contraception during treatment and for a few months after stopping.

•Tell your doctor before any surgery or vaccination.

•Keep all your appointments and blood test schedules.

 

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If You Miss a Dose

 

Take it as soon as you remember, if it’s within 1–2 days.

If it’s close to your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue your normal schedule. Do not double the dose